[導語]太極拳，是一種武術項目，也是體育運動和健身項目，在中國有著悠久的歷史。其特點：“以柔克剛，以靜待動，以圓化直，以小勝大，以弱勝強”。
太極拳，是一種武術項目，也是體育運動和健身項目，在中國有著悠久的歷史。其特點：“以柔克剛，以靜待動，以圓化直，以小勝大，以弱勝強”。現在我們來分析一下太極拳對人的身體有哪些影響。
（一）打太極拳對神經系統的影響
根據近年來生理學的發展，特別是許多生理學家對中樞神經的研究，使我們更進一步地認識了中樞神經系統對人體的重要作用。我們知道，神經系統，尤其是它的進階部分，是調節與支配所有系統與器官活動的樞紐。人類依靠神經系統的活動（通過條件反射與條件反射），以適應於外界環境並改造外界環境。人依靠神經系統的活動，使體內各個系統與器官的機能活動按照需要統一起來。因此，任何一種鍛鍊方法，如果能增強中樞神經系統的機能，對全身來說就有很好的保健意義。太極拳的優越之點就在於此。
練習太極拳，要求“心靜”，注意力集中，並且講究“用意”，這些都對大腦活動有良好的訓練作用。此外，從動作上來講也是如此，練習太極拳時，動作需要“完整一氣”，由眼神到上肢、軀幹、下肢，上下照顧毫不散亂，前後連貫，綿綿不斷，同時由於動作的某些部分比較複雜，需要有良好的支配和平衡能力，因此需要大腦在緊張的活動下完成，這也間接地對中樞神經系統起著訓練的作用，從而提高了中樞神經系統緊張度，活躍其他系統與器官的機能活動，加強了大腦方面的調節作用。
太極拳是一種很有興趣的運動，經常練習的人都有這樣一種感覺：練架子的時候，周身感覺舒適，精神煥發；練“推手”的時候，周身感覺活潑，反應靈敏。這些都有是練拳的人情緒提高與興趣濃厚的證明。情緒的提高在生理上是有重要的意義的；情緒提高，可以使各種生理機制活躍起來。許多試驗都證明，做一種運動裡用體力之前，僅僅是精神的影響就可以使血液的動力過程、氣體代謝等發生改變。對患難與共某些慢性病的人來講，情緒的提高更為重要。經不僅可以活躍各種生理機制，同時能夠使病人脫離病態心理。這對治療功效來講很重要。以上例子都充分說明，練習太極拳對中樞神經系統有著良好作用。
（三）打太極拳對骨骼，肌肉及關節活動的影響
打太極拳對骨骼，肌肉及關節活動的影響很突出。以脊柱為例，練太極拳與腰部活動有密切的關係。經常地練習太極拳，無論對脊柱的形態和組織結構都有良好的作用。據觀察，太極拳組老人發生脊柱畸形的只有百分之二十八點五，而一般老人則為百分之四十七點二。駝背是典型的老年畸形，是衰老的結果。但是，經常打太極拳，駝背的發生率就遠比一般人少。經常打太極拳，脊柱的活動幅度也較好，太極拳組老人彎腰時手能觸地的佔百分之七十七點四，對照組老人佔百分之十六點六。X線照像檢查發現，太極拳組比對照組老年骨質疏鬆的發生率也較低（百分之三十六點六比百分之六十三點八）。老年性骨質疏鬆是一種衰老的退行性變化，其原因主要是由於骨質中的成骨細胞不夠活躍，不能產生骨的蛋白基質，致使骨生成少，吸收多，骨質變松。骨質松就容易產生畸形，關節活動也就不靈活。而打太極拳要求動作連貫、圓活，周身節節貫串，因此打太極拳有一定的防老作用。
（ 四）打太極拳對體內物質代謝的影響
有關這方面的研究資料，目前還不多，但從上述兩組老人的骨骼變化及動脈硬化發生率的差異來看，打太極拳對脂類、蛋白類以及無機鹽中鈣、磷的代謝影響是良好的。近年來，國內有不少人從物質代謝的角度研究運動的防老作用。例如，有人報道，老年人鍛鍊五到三十分鐘後，血內的膽固醇含量會下降，其中以膽固醇增高的老人，下降尤為明顯。也有人對動脈硬化的老人進行鍛鍊前後的代謝研究，發現經過五到六個月鍛鍊後，血中白蛋白含量增加，球蛋白及膽固醇的含量卻明顯減少，而且動脈硬化的症狀也大大減輕。這些研究結果，可以說明打太極拳對體內物質代謝的良好影響。
（五）打太極拳對消化系統的影響
前面已經提過，由於神經系統活動能力的提高可以改善其他系統的機能活動，因此它可以預防並治療某些因神經系統機能紊亂而產生的消化系統的疾病（運動、分泌、吸收的紊亂）。此外，呼吸運動對胃腸道起著機械刺激的作用，也能改善消化道的血液循環，因此可以促進消化作用，預防便秘，這對老年人也是很重要的。
綜上所述，太極拳是一種合乎生理規律、輕鬆柔和的健身運動，它對中樞神經系統起著良好的影響，加強了心、血管與呼吸的功能，能減少體內淤血，改善消化作用與新陳代謝過程。所以，從醫學的觀點上來看，它是一種很好的保健體操與病人的醫療體操。
[lead] the Taijiquan, is one martial arts project, is also the sports and the fitness project, has the glorious history in China. Its characteristic: “wears away the rock with water, awaits calmly moves, is straight by the rounding, is big by the minor victory, defeats a superior enemy”. The Taijiquan, is one martial arts project, is also the sports and the fitness project, has the glorious history in China. Its characteristic: “wears away the rock with water, awaits calmly moves, is straight by the rounding, is big by the minor victory, defeats a superior enemy”. Which now do we analyze the Taijiquan to have to person's body to affect. (one) practices the Taijiquan to nervous system's influence According to the recent years physiology's development, specially many physiologists to central nervous system's research, made our to further know the central nervous system to human body's influential role. We knew that the nervous system, it enters the step part particularly, is the adjustment and control all systems and the organ activity key position. The humanity depends upon nervous system's activity (through conditioned reflex and conditioned reflex), adapts in the external environment and transforms the external environment. The human depends upon nervous system's activity, causes in vivo each system and organ's functional activity according to needs to unify. Therefore, any kind hammers 鍊 the method, if can strengthen central nervous system's function, has the very good health care significance to the whole body. The Taijiquan superior spot lies in this. Practice Taijiquan, request “calm”, the attention is centralized, and is fastidious about “the intention”, these have the good training function to the cerebrum activity. In addition, from acts says is also so, when practices the Taijiquan, “as soon as acts the need completely to be mad”, from the look to the upper limb, the torso, the lower limb, the high and low attendance is not scattered in disorder, around links up, continuous unceasingly, because simultaneously movement certain parts are quite complex, needs to have the good control and balance ability, therefore needs the cerebrum to complete under the intense activity, this also indirectly to the central nervous system the function which trains, thus enhanced the central nervous system tensity, enlivens other systems and organ's functional activity, strengthened the cerebrum aspect control action. The Taijiquan is one kind has the interest movement very much, practices frequently the human have this kind of kind of feeling: Practices rack's time, the whole body feeling is comfortable, in high feather; Practices “the hand slap” time, the whole body feeling is lively, the response is keen. These have are person who mood enhancement and interest strong proof practices boxing. The mood enhancement has the vital significance in the physiology; The mood enhances, may cause each physiological mechanism to enliven. Many experiments proved that makes in one kind of movement before the physical strength, is merely the energetic influence may cause blood's power process, gas metabolism and so on to have the change. To shares hardships certain chronic illness's person saying that the mood enhancement is more important. Not only after may enliven each physiological mechanism, simultaneously can 夠 cause the patient to be separated from the morbid psychology. This to treats the effect to say is very important. The above example fully showed that the practice Taijiquan has the good function to the central nervous system. (three) practices the Taijiquan to the skeleton, the muscle and the joint activity influence Practices the Taijiquan to the skeleton, the muscle and the joint activity influence is very prominent. Take the spinal column as an example, practices the Taijiquan and the waist activity has the close relationship. Practices the Taijiquan frequently, regardless of has the good function to spinal column's shape and the organizational structure. According to the observation, Taijiquan group old person has the spinal column abnormally to have 28.5%, but common old person is 47.2%. Humpbacked is the typical old age is abnormal, is the senile result. But, practices the Taijiquan frequently, the humpbacked formation rate on are far less than the average person. Practices the Taijiquan frequently, spinal column's active scope is also good, Taijiquan group old person bends the waist when the hand can touch the place to occupy 77.4%, control group old person occupies 16.6%. X photography inspection discovery, the Taijiquan group the formation rate is also lower than the control group old age osteoporosis (36.6%:63.8%). The senile osteoporosis is one kind of senile recession change, its reason is mainly because in ossein's osteoblast not 夠 active, cannot produce bone's protein matrix, the cause osteogenesis are few, absorbs many, the ossein changes a pine. The ossein pine easy to produce abnormally, the joint activity is not also flexible. But hits the Taijiquan request movement to link up, agilely, the whole body runs throughout successively, therefore practices the Taijiquan certainly to have provides for old age the function. (four) practices the Taijiquan to vivo material metabolism influence Concerns this aspect research material, at present are not many, but looking from the above two group of old person's skeleton change and the arteriosclerosis formation rate's difference, practices the Taijiquan to the fats, in the protein class as well as the inorganic salt the calcium, the phosphorus metabolism influence is good. In recent years, the home had many people to provide for old age the function from the material metabolism angle research movement. For example, some people reported that the senior citizen hammers 鍊 five to 30 minutes later, in blood's cholesterol content will drop, will advance by the cholesterol old person, will drop especially obviously. Also some people carry on to arteriosclerosis's old person hammer 鍊 the around metabolism research, discovered that after passing through five to six months hammers 鍊, in the blood the albumin content increases, the globulin and the cholesterol content actually obviously reduces, moreover arteriosclerosis's symptom also greatly reduces. These findings, may show that practices the Taijiquan to in vivo material metabolism good influence. (five) practices the Taijiquan to digesting system's influence Front had already raised, because the nervous system energy's 
enhancement may improve other system's functional activity, therefore it may prevent and treat certain digesting system's disease which produces because of the nervous system function disorder (movement, secretion, absorption disorder). In addition, the breath movement is playing the machinery stimulation role to the gastro-intestinal tract, can also improve digestive tract's blood circulation, therefore may promote the digestion, the prevention constipation, this to the senior citizen is also very important. In summary, the Taijiquan is one kind conforms with the physiological rule, the relaxed gentle health sports, it is having the good influence to the central nervous system, strengthened the heart, the blood vessel and the breath function, can reduce in vivo extravasated blood, the improvement digestion and metabolism process. Therefore, looked from the medicine viewpoint, it is one kind of very good health care gymnastics and patient's therapeutic exercise.
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